Internal-combustion engine



Nov. 16 1926. 1,607,594

S. PICKERING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 14, 1925 INVENTOR Y TORNEY Patented Nov. 16, 1926.

UNITED STATES SAMUEL IICKERING, OF BELLEVUE, WASHINGTON.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 1 1-, 1925.

The invention is an internal combustion engine in which the cylinder and piston are both connected to a common crank shaft and the cylinder is slidably held so that the pressure against the cylinder head may be transmitted to the crank shaft to cooperate with the pressure exerted on the piston and so that a greater compression may be obtained.

The object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine in which both the cylinder and piston move.

Another object of the invention is to provide an engine cylinder which is connected to the same crankshaft as the piston in the cylinder by connecting rods.

Another object of the invention is to provide a valve operation device for a movable cylinder.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cylinder in which the cylinder and piston both move in opposite directions, so that the maximum amount of compression may be obtained.

And a still further object of the invention is to provide a means for transmitting the pressure against the cylinder head to the crank shaft.

With these ends in view, the invention embodies an engine cylinder. which is slidably mounted and provided with connecting rods connecting it to a crank shaft to which a piston in the cylinder is also connected. The cylinder is also provided with a spark plug and suitable intake and exhaust openings with valves and means for operating the valves.

ther features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description, taken in connection with the drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view through the center of the cylinder.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the slidable mounting.

In the drawings I have shown my device as it would be constructed wherein numera1 1 indicates the cylinder, numeral 2, the piston and numeral 3 a crank shaft. The cylinder 1 is provided with connecting rods l and 5 which connect it to offset portions 6 and 7 of the crank shaft 3 and at the upper end of the cylinder is an inlet opening 8, exhaust opening 9 and a spark plug 10. The cylinder may also be surrounded by a suitable water jacket 11. The inlet and exhaust openings are provided with valves Serial No. 30,367.

12 both of which are operated as the cylinder moves upward and downward by a slotted cylindrical shaped cam 13 as shown in connection with the exhaust port 9. lt is understood that the intake valve in the openmg 8 is similar to the valve 12 and operated in a similar manner.

The valve 12 is provided with a stem 14 that is slidably held in an opening 15 and provided with a spring 16 that is held against a washer 1? to hold the valve closed. It will be observed that the outer end of the valve stem engages a cam shaped surface 18 on the member 13 and as the cylinder moves downward from the position shown in Figure 1 which will be considered as the end of a stroke after the explosion, the exhaust valve will open and remain open until the cylinder reaches its lower position and the piston its upper position. At this time the end of the stem 15 will pass off of the lower end of the surface 18 and as the lower end of the surface 18 is slightly beveled as shown at the points 19, the stem will cause the member 13 to rotate slightly as it moves upward so that it may pass upward through one'of the slots 20 and the valve remain closed. It will also he observed that the stem 15 may then pass downward through the same slot so that the valve will only open at every alternate downward move ment. The same action will be repeated for the intake valve so that it will open alternately and admit gas to the cylinder as the cylinder moves upward at every alternate stroke.

The exhaust port is connected through an opening 21 to a manifold 22 which is in slidable contact with a surface 23 at the side of the cylinder and arranged in such a manner that the opening 21 will be covered by the manifold 22 at all times. The inlet is connected through an opening 24 to a pipe 25 that is slidably mounted in an auxiliary tank 26 so that as the cylinder moves upward and downward, the pipe 25 will slide up and down in the tank 26 and the tank 26 may be connected to the carburetor of the engine or to any suitable device for supplying the proper mixture of fuel. A similar connection may be provided through a similar tank 27 for the supply of water to the water jacket. It will be ob served that the spark plug may be connected to any suitable timer by flexible wire cord. The piston 2 is connected by a connecting rod 28 to an offset portion 29 of the crank shaft 3 and it will be observed that this'connection is directly opposite to that of the connecting rods 4E and 5 so that as, the. piston is tending to rotate the shaft the cylinder, which is moving in the opposite direction will also tend to rotate the shaft in the same direction.

One side of the cylinder is provided with a plate 30 and the edges of the plate are held in grooves 31 and as shown in Figure so that the cylinder will be slidably and at the same time, rigidly held. It is understood that the grooves 31 and 32 may be formed in any suitable manner.

It will be llllClGFotOCd that changes may be made in the construction without departing from the spirit of the invention, One of which changes may be in the design of the cylinder or in the arrangement of a plurality of cylinders of substantially the same design in combination, another may be in the design 0' arrangement of the inlet or exhaust openings or valves or in the means for admitting; fuel to the inlet valves or taking the exhaust gases from the exhaust valve, and still another may be in the design of the slidable mounting for the cylinder.

The construction will be readily understood froin the foregoing description. To use the device, the engine may be installed in any suitable casing and it will be observed that the piston will move up to the position indicated by the dotted line and the head of the cylinder will move downward to the dotted line 3% and the explosion will occur while the cylinder and piston are at these positions. It will therefore be observed that the force of the explosion will:

act against the head oi? the cylinder and also against the upper end of the piston so that they will be forced apart and both will transmit the pressure to the crank shaft. As the cylinder and piston reach the limit oi their movement and start backward, the exhaust valve will open as hereinbetore dc scribed and permit the exhaust gases in the cylinder to escape, and as the piston and cylinder arrive at the dotted line positions again, the exhaust valve will close and the inlet valve will open and remain open until the cylinder and piston again arrive at the position shown, the intake valve will open, and then as the cylinder and piston move to the dotted line positions, they will COD'IPLGSS the gas so that it will again be ready for the explosion.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an internal combustion engine, a slidablc cylinder, a cross head in which the cylinder is slidably mounted, connecting rods attached to the said cylinder, a crank-- shaft to which the said connecting rods are also attached, suitable water-jackets around the said cylinder, a piston in the said cylinder, a connecting rod connecting the said piston to the said crankshaft, a slidabic connection for permitting water circulation in the said water-jackets, another slidable connection for admitting fuel to the said cylinder, an exhaust valve, means for operating the said exhaust valve, and a suitable inlet valve in the said inlet conneotion.

2.111 an internal combustion engine, a slidable water jacketed cylinder, a piston within the said cylinder, connecting rods connecting the said cylinder and piston to a common. crankshaft, a cross-head in which the said cylinder is mounted, a slidable couneot-ion for permitting water circulation through the said water-jacket, and suitable inlet and exhaust connections to the said cylinder.

SAMUEL PICK BRING. 

